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Ephesus
In the ancient world, Ephesus was a center of travel and
commerce. Situated on the Aegean Sea at the mouth of the Cayster
River, the city was one of the greatest seaports of the ancient
world.
Three major roads led from the seaport: one road went east towards
Babylon via Laodicea, another to the north via Smyrna and a third
south to the Meander Valley. |
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Temple of Artemis
Considered one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, Ephesus'
Temple of Artemis was dedicated to the goddess of the hunt. Only the
foundation and one column remains of this temple which once measured
425 ft long, 220 ft wide and 60 ft high.
Paul's successful ministry in this city was considered a threat to
this very temple (Acts 19:27).
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Library of Celsus
Originally built in 115-25 A.D., this restored facade is a
highlight of the ruins today. This style is believed to be the
standard architectural form for Roman libraries. The interior
measures 70 by 80 feet and held approximately 15,000 scrolls.
This library was dedicated to Celsus the proconsul of Asia and his
sarcophagus was located under the apse. |
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Terrace Houses
From the time of Augustus, these dwellings of wealthy
Ephesians, were decorated with beautiful frescoes and mosaics. The
houses had luxurious bedrooms, bathrooms, triclinium, and
kitchens.
Built against the mountain south of Ephesus, the roof of one house
forms the terrace for the house above it. These houses were
inhabited until the 7th c. A.D. |
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Commercial Agora
This market area is known as the "Square Agora" because of its
dimensions 360 ft square. It arose in the Hellenistic period and
was surrounded on all sides by arched shops about 40 ft deep. It
is located next to the harbor and was the city's main commercial
center. It is quite possible that Paul worked here with Priscilla
and Aquila in their tent-making business. |
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Theater
Originally holding 25,000 people, this theater was built in the
Hellenistic period and was renovated by several Roman emperors.
Designed for theatrical performances, later alterations allowed
gladiatorial contests to be held here.
When Paul was accused of hurting the Artemis and her temple, the
mob gathered together in this theater (Acts 19:23-41). |
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